• The Best Nietzsche Books - Nietzsche: A Philosophical Biography by Rüdiger Safranski & translator Shelley Frisch
  • The Best Nietzsche Books - Nietzsche on Truth and Philosophy by Maudemarie Clark
  • The Best Nietzsche Books - Nietzsche’s System by John Richardson
  • The Best Nietzsche Books - Beyond Good and Evil by Friedrich Nietzsche & Walter Kaufmann (translator)
  • The Best Nietzsche Books - On the Genealogy of Morality by Friedrich Nietzsche

The Best Nietzsche Books, recommended by Brian Leiter

Relativist, atheist, existentialist, Nazi. All have been said of German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, some with more reason than others. In 2011, we asked Nietzsche expert Brian Leiter to explain the appeal of the controversial philosopher and to recommend books by and about him. In September (2020) our philosophy editor, Nigel Warburton, asked Brian about some of the latest Nietzsche books, notable works that have come out in the decade since we first spoke to him.

  • The best books on How To Think (Like a Philosopher) - Intuition Pumps And Other Tools for Thinking by Daniel Dennett
  • The best books on How To Think (Like a Philosopher) - Natural Goodness by Philippa Foot
  • The best books on How To Think (Like a Philosopher) - A Question of Trust by Onora O’Neill
  • The best books on How To Think (Like a Philosopher) - Intimacy or Integrity: Philosophy and Cultural Difference by Thomas Kasulis
  • The best books on How To Think (Like a Philosopher) - Daily Rituals: How Great Minds Make Time, Find Inspiration, and Get to Work by Mason Currey

The best books on How To Think (Like a Philosopher), recommended by Julian Baggini

We all have opinions about things and sometimes quite strong ones. When it comes to our values and politics we also tend to think we’re right. That’s why examining how we think is so important, argues philosopher Julian Baggini. That’s something philosophy can help with, if it’s done well. Here he recommends five books that shed some light on how philosophers think, when they’re thinking at their best.

  • The best books on Hannah Arendt - The Origins of Totalitarianism by Hannah Arendt
  • The best books on Hannah Arendt - The Human Condition by Hannah Arendt
  • The best books on Hannah Arendt - Men in Dark Times by Hannah Arendt
  • The best books on Hannah Arendt - Thinking Without a Banister by Hannah Arendt
  • The best books on Hannah Arendt - Hannah Arendt: For Love of the World by Elisabeth Young-Bruehl

The best books on Hannah Arendt, recommended by Samantha Rose Hill

Unimpressed by the response of philosophers to the rise of Nazism in her native Germany, Hannah Arendt rejected the notion of being a philosopher and said she was a political theorist. Samantha Rose Hill, writer and formerly assistant director of the Hannah Arendt Center at Bard College, talks us through Hannah Arendt’s life and work—and suggests which books to read if we want to learn more about her and her ideas.

  • The Best Philosophy Books by Women - Women, Race & Class by Angela Davis
  • The Best Philosophy Books by Women - Down Girl: The Logic of Misogyny by Kate Manne
  • The Best Philosophy Books by Women - What Is Philosophy for? by Mary Midgley
  • The Best Philosophy Books by Women - American Citizenship: The Quest for Inclusion by Judith Shklar
  • The Best Philosophy Books by Women - The Rights of Others by Seyla Benhabib

The Best Philosophy Books by Women, recommended by Lisa Whiting & Rebecca Buxton

When it comes to the big names in philosophy, very few people think of women and the books that make the canon have, traditionally, almost always been written by European or American men. Here, Rebecca Buxton and Lisa Whiting, editors of The Philosopher Queens, a book that collects together articles about the most important women philosophers, talk through their selection of the best philosophy books written by women.

  • The best books on Digital Ethics - Zed: A Novel by Joanna Kavenna
  • The best books on Digital Ethics - Weapons of Math Destruction: How Big Data Increases Inequality and Threatens Democracy by Cathy O'Neil
  • The best books on Digital Ethics - Mindf*ck: Inside Cambridge Analytica’s Plot to Break the World by Christopher Wylie
  • The best books on Digital Ethics - Algorithms of Oppression: How Search Engines Reinforce Racism by Safiya Umoja Noble
  • The best books on Digital Ethics - AI Ethics by Mark Coeckelbergh

The best books on Digital Ethics, recommended by Carissa Véliz

Philosophers have a lot to add to debates about digital technology and the moral issues raised by its rapid rise, argues Carissa Véliz, a professor at the University of Oxford’s Institute for Ethics in AI. Here she talks us through books for the general reader that introduce some of the challenges of digital ethics, from concerns about privacy and bias to the threat to democracy and the future of humanity.  

  • The best books on Spinoza - The Collected Works of Spinoza (Volume I) by Baruch Spinoza & Edwin Curley
  • The best books on Spinoza - Behind the Geometrical Method: A Reading of Spinoza's Ethics by Edwin Curley
  • The best books on Spinoza - A Study of Spinoza's Ethics by Jonathan Bennett
  • The best books on Spinoza - The Explainability of Experience: Realism and Subjectivity in Spinoza's Theory of the Human Mind by Ursula Renz
  • The best books on Spinoza - Spinoza on Philosophy, Religion, and Politics: The Theologico-Political Treatise by Susan James

The best books on Spinoza, recommended by Steven Nadler

In 1656 Baruch Spinoza was thrown out by Amsterdam’s Portuguese-Jewish congregation for ‘abominable heresies’ and ‘monstrous deeds’, ensuring he would be forever remembered as a radical thinker. Here Steven Nadler, a professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison and author of a number of books on Spinoza, talks us through the life and work of the 17th century philosopher whose worldview remains, in many ways, remarkably modern.

  • Key Philosophical Texts in the Western Canon - Republic by Plato
  • Key Philosophical Texts in the Western Canon - Meditations on First Philosophy by René Descartes
  • Key Philosophical Texts in the Western Canon - An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding by David Hume
  • Key Philosophical Texts in the Western Canon - On Liberty by John Stuart Mill
  • Key Philosophical Texts in the Western Canon - Philosophical Investigations by Ludwig Wittgenstein

Key Philosophical Texts in the Western Canon, recommended by Nigel Warburton

Even if you’ve never studied philosophy, it’s nice to be able to read a few books and get a sense of what it’s all about. Here, we asked our philosophy editor, Nigel Warburton, to talk us through five key works of Western philosophy—many of them in the public domain and available for free as ebooks—and explain why, despite one or two odd conclusions or quirky writing styles, they’ve played such an important role in expanding our understanding of the world.

  • The best books on The Sublime - On the Sublime by Longinus
  • The best books on The Sublime - A Philosophical Enquiry into the Sublime and Beautiful by Edmund Burke
  • The best books on The Sublime - Critique of the Power of Judgement by Immanuel Kant
  • The best books on The Sublime - The World as Will and Representation by Arthur Schopenhauer
  • The best books on The Sublime - The Sublime: A Study of Critical Theories in XVIII-Century England by Samuel Monk

The best books on The Sublime, recommended by Robert Clewis

Whenever we go in search of rugged landscapes, thundering waterfalls or awesome vistas, we are in search of ‘the sublime’—an aesthetic quality that has been the subject of significant philosophical, artistic and psychological study. Here, philosopher Robert Clewis talks us through the landmark studies of the sublime, and makes some recommendations for those seeking introductory books on the subject.

  • The best books on Animal Consciousness - The Animal Mind: An Introduction to the Philosophy of Animal Cognition by Kristin Andrews
  • The best books on Animal Consciousness - What Would Animals Say If We Asked the Right Questions? by Vinciane Despret, translated by Brett Buchanan
  • The best books on Animal Consciousness - An Immense World: How Animal Senses Reveal the Hidden Realms Around Us by Ed Yong
  • The best books on Animal Consciousness - The Emotional Lives of Animals by Marc Bekoff
  • The best books on Animal Consciousness - Why Look At Animals? by John Berger

The best books on Animal Consciousness, recommended by David Peña-Guzmán

The more we learn about the minds of other species, the more we are forced to question any assumptions that might previously have been made about their inner lives. Here, the philosopher David Peña-Guzmán talks us through the profound questions thrown up by research into animal cognition, perception and emotion, as he recommends five of the best books on animal consciousness.

  • The Best Books by Albert Camus - The Fall by Albert Camus
  • The Best Books by Albert Camus - The Plague by Albert Camus
  • The Best Books by Albert Camus - Notebooks 1935-1942: Volume 1 by Albert Camus
  • The Best Books by Albert Camus - Lyrical and Critical Essays by Albert Camus
  • The Best Books by Albert Camus - The Rebel by Albert Camus

The Best Books by Albert Camus, recommended by Jamie Lombardi

Albert Camus was born in northern Algeria in extreme poverty, but went on to become one of the best-known French philosophers of the 20th century. In 1957, he won the Nobel Prize in Literature for illuminating “the problems of the human conscience in our times.” Here, Camus expert Jamie Lombardi talks us through the books that best capture his work and the moral dilemmas he sought to explore.

  • The best books on The Vienna Circle - Language, Truth and Logic by AJ Ayer
  • The best books on The Vienna Circle - The World of Yesterday by Stefan Zweig & Anthea Bell (translator)
  • The best books on The Vienna Circle - The Vienna Circle by Friedrich Stadler
  • The best books on The Vienna Circle - Frank Ramsey: A Sheer Excess of Powers by Cheryl Misak
  • The best books on The Vienna Circle - Exact Thinking in Demented Times: The Vienna Circle and the Epic Quest for the Foundations of Science by Karl Sigmund

The best books on The Vienna Circle, recommended by David Edmonds

Members of ‘the Vienna Circle’ had strong views on what can and cannot be meaningfully said. They’ve had an enormous impact on modern philosophy, partly because the arrival of fascist rule in Austria scattered them around the world. Here, philosopher David Edmonds, author of The Murder of Professor Schlick, introduces us to their ideas, their milieu and the poignant background to their lives and thinking.

  • The best books on Philosophy and Prison - I Will Never See the World Again by Ahmet Altan
  • The best books on Philosophy and Prison - If This Is a Man by Primo Levi
  • The best books on Philosophy and Prison - A Crowbar in the Buddhist Garden by Stephen Reid
  • The best books on Philosophy and Prison - Felon: Poems by Reginald Dwayne Betts
  • The best books on Philosophy and Prison - The Apology V (formerly Eve Ensler)

The best books on Philosophy and Prison, recommended by Andy West

By teaching philosophy in prisons, British philosopher Andy West was not only able to engage with core issues of the human condition, but also to come to terms with members of his own family’s experience of being in prison. Here, he talks us through some books that deal with being locked up, from Auschwitz to Vancouver Island, as well as one by a victim of violent crime.

  • The Best Simone de Beauvoir Books - Philosophical Writings by Simone de Beauvoir
  • The Best Simone de Beauvoir Books - All Men Are Mortal by Simone de Beauvoir
  • The Best Simone de Beauvoir Books - America Day By Day by Simone de Beauvoir
  • The Best Simone de Beauvoir Books - The Second Sex by Simone de Beauvoir
  • The Best Simone de Beauvoir Books - A Very Easy Death by Simone de Beauvoir

The Best Simone de Beauvoir Books, recommended by Kate Kirkpatrick

Simone de Beauvoir is remembered today as the pioneering feminist author of The Second Sex and a close companion of Jean Paul Sartre. But the scope of her intellectual contribution has long been underestimated, argues her latest biographer Kate Kirkpatrick, who offers an introduction to the landscape of Beauvoir’s works, from fiction to philosophy to life writing.

  • The best books on Italian Political Philosophy - Discourses on Livy by Niccolo Machiavelli, trans. Harvey Mansfield and Nathan Tarcov
  • The best books on Italian Political Philosophy - The New Science of Giambattista Vico: Unabridged Translation of the Third Edition (1744) by Giambattista Vico, trans. Max Harold Fisch and Thomas Goddard Bergin
  • The best books on Italian Political Philosophy - The History of European Liberalism by Guido De Ruggiero, trans. R. G. Collingwood
  • The best books on Italian Political Philosophy - Prison Notebooks by Antonio Gramsci, trans. Joseph A. Buttigieg and Antonio Callari
  • The best books on Italian Political Philosophy - Liberalism and Democracy by Norberto Bobbio, trans. Martin Ryle and Kate Soper

The best books on Italian Political Philosophy, recommended by Guglielmo Verdirame

Italy has a rich tradition of political philosophy, producing a number of thinkers with both practical experience and a cosmopolitan outlook. Here Guglielmo Verdirame, Professor of International Law at King’s College London, talks us through the five most important Italian political philosophers, and the best books to read to understand their work.

  • The best books on Arthur Schopenhauer - The Two Fundamental Problems of Ethics by Arthur Schopenhauer
  • The best books on Arthur Schopenhauer - The World as Will and Representation by Arthur Schopenhauer
  • The best books on Arthur Schopenhauer - Essays and Aphorisms by Arthur Schopenhauer
  • The best books on Arthur Schopenhauer - Arthur Schopenhauer: His Life and His Philosophy by Helen Zimmern
  • The best books on Arthur Schopenhauer - The Philosophy of Schopenhauer by Bryan Magee

The best books on Arthur Schopenhauer, recommended by David Bather Woods

Arthur Schopenhauer was a German philosopher who held a deeply pessimistic view of the world. He was also, among other things, a misogynist. And yet, he made important contributions to a number of areas of philosophy and had a deep influence on other philosophers. He wrote in a clear style that gained him a wide readership among non-philosophers as well. David Bather Woods, a Schopenhauer expert at the University of Warwick, talks us through his choice of books on the life and work of this remarkable thinker.

  • The best books on Deconstruction - Of Grammatology by Jacques Derrida & translated by Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak
  • The best books on Deconstruction - The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays by Mikhail Bakhtin & translated by Michael Holquist and Caryl Emerson
  • The best books on Deconstruction - Jacques Derrida Circumfession by Geoffrey Bennington & Jacques Derrida
  • The best books on Deconstruction - The Newly Born Woman by Catherine Clément, Hélène Cixous & translated by Betsy Wing
  • The best books on Deconstruction - "53 Days" by Georges Perec, translated by David Bellos

The best books on Deconstruction, recommended by Peter Salmon

For the general reader deconstruction has a bad reputation. It is seen as over-complicating, arcane and wilfully obscure—but as its founding genius Jacques Derrida pointed out, “If things were simple, word would have gotten around.” Here Peter Salmon, author of an excellent new biography of Derrida, chooses five books to get you started on the text and everything inside it.

  • The Best Books on the Philosophy of Travel - Mountain Gloom And Mountain Glory: The Development of the Aesthetics of the Infinite by Marjorie Hope Nicolson
  • The Best Books on the Philosophy of Travel - Letters written in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark by Mary Wollstonecraft
  • The Best Books on the Philosophy of Travel - Walden by Henry David Thoreau
  • The Best Books on the Philosophy of Travel - The Art of Travel by Alain de Botton
  • The Best Books on the Philosophy of Travel - How to Talk About Places You've Never Been: On the Importance of Armchair Travel by Michele Hutchison (translator) & Pierre Bayard

The Best Books on the Philosophy of Travel, recommended by Emily Thomas

At its best, travel broadens our minds, expands our horizons and allows us to see the world we live in differently. But it has also played an important role in the history of philosophy. Emily Thomas, author of The Meaning of Travel: Philosophers Abroad, explores the connections between her two passions—philosophy and travel—at a moment when most of us are unable to leave our houses: perhaps the perfect moment to reflect on travel’s significance for human beings.

  • Best Books on the Neuroscience of Consciousness - Consciousness Explained by Daniel Dennett
  • Best Books on the Neuroscience of Consciousness - The Mechanization of the Mind by Jean Pierre Dupuy
  • Best Books on the Neuroscience of Consciousness - Consciousness: How Matter Becomes Imagination by Gerald Edelman & Giulio Tononi
  • Best Books on the Neuroscience of Consciousness - Being No One: The Self-Model Theory of Subjectivity by Thomas Metzinger
  • Best Books on the Neuroscience of Consciousness - Klara and the Sun: A Novel by Kazuo Ishiguro

Best Books on the Neuroscience of Consciousness, recommended by Anil Seth

Nearly every human has a sense of self, a feeling that we are located in a body that’s looking out at the world and experiencing it over the course of a lifetime. Some people even think of it as a soul or other nonphysical reality that is yet somehow connected to the blood and bones that make up our bodies. How things seem, however, is quite often an unreliable guide to how things are, says neuroscientist Anil Seth. Here he recommends five key books that led him to his own understanding of consciousness, and explores why it is that what is likely an illusion can be so utterly convincing.

  • The Best Philosophy Books of 2019 - Becoming Beauvoir: A Life by Kate Kirkpatrick
  • The Best Philosophy Books of 2019 - Socrates in Love: The Making of a Philosopher by Armand D'Angour
  • The Best Philosophy Books of 2019 - A Theory of Jerks and Other Philosophical Misadventures by Eric Schwitzgebel
  • The Best Philosophy Books of 2019 - Galileo's Error: Foundations for a New Science of Consciousness by Philip Goff
  • The Best Philosophy Books of 2019 - A Theory of the Aphorism: From Confucius to Twitter by Andrew Hui

The Best Philosophy Books of 2019, recommended by Nigel Warburton

We live in a golden age for philosophy books that are accessible to a wide audience. In the pages of even quite short books, we can find new ways of reflecting on who we are and how we should conduct ourselves in the world, as well as learn more about the brilliant thinkers who trod these paths before us. Our philosophy editor Nigel Warburton talks us through some of the best philosophy books that came out in 2019.

  • The Best Illustrated Philosophy Books - The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry
  • The Best Illustrated Philosophy Books - The Annotated Alice by Lewis Carroll & Martin Gardner (Editor)
  • The Best Illustrated Philosophy Books - Logicomix: An Epic Search for Truth by Apostolos Doxiadis and Christos H Papadimitriou
  • The Best Illustrated Philosophy Books - The Way of Nature (The Illustrated Library of Chinese Classics) by Zhuangzi (aka Chuang Tzu), C. C. Tsai (illustrator) and Brian Bruya (translator)
  • The Best Illustrated Philosophy Books - The Philosopher Queens: The lives and legacies of philosophy's unsung women by Lisa Whiting & Rebecca Buxton

The Best Illustrated Philosophy Books, recommended by Helen De Cruz

Philosophy is a very verbal discipline with much effort made to express meaning through the very precise use of language. You might think that pictures wouldn’t get much of a look in, but you’d be wrong, as philosopher Helen de Cruz explains. She chooses five books where the philosophical meaning of the subjects under investigation are given greater depth and clarity with the use of illustrations, from ancient Chinese philosophy through to the philosopher queens of the 21st century.

  • The best books on The History of Philosophy - The Veil of Isis: An Essay on the History of the Idea of Nature by Pierre Hadot
  • The best books on The History of Philosophy - The Way and the Word: Science and Medicine in Early China and Greece by Geoffrey Lloyd & Nathan Sivin
  • The best books on The History of Philosophy - The Lost Age of Reason: Philosophy in Early Modern India, 1450–1700 by Jonardon Ganeri
  • The best books on The History of Philosophy - Atoms and Alchemy: Chymistry and the Experimental Origins of the Scientific Revolution by William Newman
  • The best books on The History of Philosophy - Native Pragmatism: Rethinking the Roots of American Philosophy by Scott L. Pratt

The best books on The History of Philosophy, recommended by Justin E. H. Smith

Today, we think of scientists and philosophers as distinct, but it wasn’t always this way. Back when the Royal Society was founded in the 1660s, figures like Newton, Descartes and Boyle all thought of themselves as ‘natural philosophers’. Justin E. H. Smith, professor of philosophy at the Université de Paris, introduces us to what he sees as the real history of philosophy.

  • The Best Augustine Books - Augustine of Hippo by Peter Brown
  • The Best Augustine Books - The Confessions by Augustine (translated by Maria Boulding)
  • The Best Augustine Books - The City of God by Augustine
  • The Best Augustine Books - Augustine: Select Letters by Augustine
  • The Best Augustine Books - Eternity's Ennui by M. B. Pranger

The Best Augustine Books, recommended by Catherine Conybeare

Christianity has been profoundly influenced by Augustine of Hippo (354-430 CE), but the fifth-century North African bishop has impacted almost every area of western thought: philosophy, theology, political theory, linguistics, and rhetoric. His Confessions is one of the most recommended titles on Five Books, but is it really the first autobiography? Professor Catherine Conybeare introduces us to the life, thought, and personality of this controversial yet brilliant figure. She picks the best books to learn more about St. Augustine and explores how he has been unfairly maligned.