Ancient History Books

How accurate is what we think we know about the Romans? Tom Holland, the author of Rubicon, tells us about the exercise of power, the staging of ceremony and the influence of religion in ancient Rome.

Ancient Greece's legacy can be seen all around us, including in our political system — but many of us don't know that much about it. Fortunately, we have someone who has devoted his life to studying this remote time and place to give us a reading list. Chris Pelling, Emeritus Regius Professor of Greek at Oxford, recommends his top five books on Ancient Greece.

Cambridge Egyptologist Toby Wilkinson discusses his favourite works on Ancient Egypt — from the first book he bought on the subject to an authoritative coffee-table tome.

Caesar, Cicero, Achilles, Socrates, Plato: millennia later, we still talk about them. Olly Murphy, classics teacher at Wycombe Abbey, one of England's top girls' schools, recommends books and explains why classics remains one of the most exciting subjects for teenagers to study.

The ancient world is sometimes seen as a golden age of tolerance for same-sex love, later swept away by the rise of Christianity. The reality is more complicated, argues historian Harry Tanner, with acceptance and persecution ebbing and flowing in line with pressures on society. He recommends five books for a better understanding of same-sex love in ancient times, including the Biblical world.

The history of the Aztecs is the best documented of all the Native American peoples, shedding light on life in the Americas before the arrival of the conquistadors. Professor Michael E. Smith, an archaeologist at Arizona State University, introduces books about the Aztec Empire — with a focus on documentary sources and artefacts that reveal not only how the elites lived, but also ordinary people.

To write The Shortest History of Ancient Rome, bestselling author Ross King went back to the insightful and often entertaining accounts Roman and Greek historians gave of the city's past. He talks us through some of his favourites, from Polybius—who wrote during the Roman Republic's heyday—to Cassius Dio, who penned his magnum opus as the Roman Empire was in its decline.

Many of us love to read about ancient Greece or Rome and know a bit about ancient Egypt, but what lay beyond the Classical world we're familiar with? Historian Owen Rees, author of The Far Edges of the Known World, recommends books on some of the other civilizations that flourished in ancient times, from Aksum in modern Ethiopia to Co Loa in modern Vietnam.

On August 24th, 79 AD Vesuvius, a volcano overlooking the Bay of Naples, erupted. The surrounding towns, including Pompeii and Herculaneum, would eventually be covered in ash and preserved for centuries, rediscovered in the 19th century and still revealing new information about the ancient world today.

Boudica was an Iron Age queen who led her people into rebellion against Roman rule in the province of Britannia. She was defeated, but only after she had burned several towns, including London, to the ground. Here Richard Hingley, Professor of Archaeology at Durham University, explains how to sift the truth from the myth, and why Boudica has remained an enduring source of fascination down the centuries.